Placental Pathology in Down Syndrome-Associated Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis
Enoch Kuo1, Asangi R Kumarapeli
1From the Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
Abstract:
Transient abnormal myelopoiesis is a hematopoietic disorder that occurs in up to 10% of neonates with Down syndrome. It is characterized by leukocytosis and the presence of circulating blast cells harboring truncating GATA1 mutations with variable multiorgan system involvement. Placental involvement of transient abnormal myelopoiesis is infrequently described. Placental examination and identifying features related to transient abnormal myelopoiesis could be one of the early, if not the only, means of diagnosis of this condition in affected stillbirths, premature infants, and a subset of asymptomatic neonates. This article provides an overview of the placental pathology in transient abnormal myelopoiesis with review of the literature, and also discusses the important differential diagnoses.
Related Concept Videos
Abnormal Proliferation
Gonadal and Placental Hormones
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation
Abnormal findings observed during an inspection
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
Series R—L Circuit Transients
Using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) to analyze this circuit helps determine the total asymmetrical fault current, which consists...


