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Inappropriate activation of pacemaker magnet response mode by CPAP masks.

Yosef Schwartz1, Jeremiah Wasserlauf2, Alan V Sahakian3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|April 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Magnets in continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) masks can inappropriately activate pacemakers. Patients with cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIEDs) should avoid CPAP masks with magnetic clips to prevent interference.

Keywords:
CPAPICDmagnetpacemaker

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Electromagnetic interference is a known cause of noise in cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIEDs).
  • This study investigates a novel source of interference: magnets within continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) masks.

Observation:

  • Two patients with dual-chamber pacemakers experienced inappropriate magnet response events. These events correlated with nightly use of CPAP masks.
  • Reproduction of the magnet response event occurred when a CPAP mask was placed over the pacemaker site.

Findings:

  • CPAP masks utilized magnetic clips for headgear security.
  • The magnetic clips were positioned close enough to the CIEDs to trigger magnet response mode during sleep.
  • Magnetic field density adjacent to a mask magnet measured 136 Gauss.

Implications:

  • Clinicians must be aware of potential magnetic interference between CPAP masks and CIEDs.
  • CPAP masks with magnetic clips should be avoided in patients with CIEDs.
  • This interference can lead to inappropriate pacing or failure of life-saving tachytherapies in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillators.