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Baroreflex sensitivity in frailty syndrome

M S S Buto¹, A M Catai¹, V Vassimon-Barroso¹

¹Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Medicas E Biologicas

|April 11, 2019

Summary

Frailty impairs cardiovascular homeostasis. Reduced baroreflex coherence (K2) in frail individuals suggests a decoupling between heart rate and blood pressure, potentially marking the frailty process.

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Cardiovascular Physiology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Frailty is characterized by decreased physiological reserves, impacting homeostasis.
The baroreflex is a key mechanism for maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis.
Understanding baroreflex function in frailty is crucial for assessing cardiovascular health in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare baroreflex function among frail, prefrail, and nonfrail older adults.
To investigate the effects of supine and orthostatic positions on baroreflex parameters.
To identify potential baroreflex markers associated with the frailty process.

Main Methods:

Community-dwelling older adults were classified into frail, prefrail, and nonfrail groups based on the frailty phenotype.
Continuous recordings of RR interval (RRi) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were obtained in supine and orthostatic positions.
Baroreflex was assessed using phase, gain (α), and coherence (K2), analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA.

Main Results:

Pre-frail and frail individuals showed no significant decrease in mean RRi during postural challenge.
Frail participants exhibited reduced RRi variance from supine to orthostatic positions.
Pre-frail and frail groups demonstrated decreased baroreflex coherence (K2) after postural change, with frail individuals showing the lowest K2 values.

Conclusions:

Reduced baroreflex coherence (K2) may serve as a marker for the frailty process.
Baroreflex analysis reveals a decoupling between heart period and SBP in prefrail and frail individuals.
These findings highlight impaired cardiovascular autonomic regulation in frailty.

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