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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow...
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Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations01:17

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations

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The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
The α0 and α1 values...
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Wood Surfacing01:14

Wood Surfacing

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Wood surfacing is a critical finishing process designed to smoothen the wood surface, enhance its dimensional accuracy, and make handling safer. This process compensates for potential shrinkage during the seasoning phase by marginally increasing the wood dimensions before surfacing. It also helps correct some distortions that may occur as the wood dries.
The equipment used in the surfacing process is a plane equipped with rotating blades. This tool efficiently smoothens the wood surface and can...
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Wood Fasteners01:18

Wood Fasteners

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In wood construction, fasteners are essential for securing components together, with the connection strength largely dependent on the direct bearing between members. Various types of fasteners are employed, each suited to specific applications and structural requirements.
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Introduction to Wood01:19

Introduction to Wood

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Wood, derived from trees, is a versatile and widely used construction material. Trees feature a trunk surrounded by a protective layer of dead bark. Beneath this outer layer lies the living bark, followed by the cambium, and then the sapwood which transitions into heartwood as it matures. At the center of the trunk is the pith. The age of a tree can be discerned by examining its growth rings, which are concentric bands visible in the trunk's cross-section.
The structural integrity of the...
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Seasoning of Wood01:15

Seasoning of Wood

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Seasoning of wood is a crucial process aimed at reducing and stabilizing the moisture content within the wood to prevent future shrinkage, structural damage, or aesthetic issues once the wood is used in construction. Wood naturally swells when it absorbs moisture and contracts as it dries.
Achieving equilibrium moisture content is the goal of seasoning; this is the point where the wood's moisture content stabilizes to align with the moisture levels of the surrounding environment. Proper...
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Fabrication and Design of Wood-Based High-Performance Composites
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Bio-Based Adhesives and Evaluation for Wood Composites Application.

Fatemeh Ferdosian1, Zihe Pan2, Guchuhan Gao3

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. fferdosi@uwaterloo.ca.

Polymers
|April 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This review explores bio-adhesives from renewable resources like lignin and starch for wood products. Research focuses on improving their properties for sustainable engineered wood applications.

Keywords:
adhesive evaluationbio-based adhesivesligninprotein plantsstarchwood composites

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sustainable Engineering

Background:

  • Engineered wood products industry faces increasing demand for sustainable materials.
  • Petroleum-based adhesives raise environmental concerns, driving research into bio-alternatives.
  • Renewable resources offer potential for developing eco-friendly wood adhesives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in bio-adhesives synthesis from renewable resources.
  • To analyze the chemical structures and properties of lignin, starch, and plant protein-based adhesives.
  • To discuss methods for enhancing bio-adhesive performance and evaluation techniques for wood composite applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of research on bio-adhesive synthesis over recent decades.
  • Analysis of chemical structures of biopolymers (lignin, starch, plant proteins).
  • Discussion of biomass modification strategies and performance evaluation techniques.

Main Results:

  • Bio-adhesives can be synthesized from lignin, starch, and plant proteins, utilizing their functional groups.
  • Chemical modification can improve bio-adhesive properties like water resistance and bonding strength.
  • Standardized evaluation methods for petroleum-based adhesives are applicable to bio-based alternatives.

Conclusions:

  • Bio-based adhesives show significant potential for the engineered wood product industry.
  • Further research and development are needed to optimize bio-adhesives for widespread commercial use.
  • Adapting existing evaluation techniques will facilitate the adoption of bio-adhesives in wood composites.