Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

10.9K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
10.9K
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

3.4K
3.4K
Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

26.0K
A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
26.0K
Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

6.2K
6.2K
Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

8.6K
In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
8.6K
Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

2.9K
2.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Liquid-vapor critical behavior of the TIP4P/2005 water model: Effects of NaCl solutes and hydrophobic confinement.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

The chromatin remodeller CHD4 regulates transcription factor binding to both prevent activation of silent enhancers and maintain active regulatory elements.

eLife·2026
Same author

DHPSFU: a Fiji plugin for fast and accurate double helix-PSF 3D single-molecule localisation microscopy.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Real-time observation of topological defect dynamics mediating two-dimensional skyrmion lattice melting.

Nature nanotechnology·2025
Same author

Influence of topology on rheological properties of polymer ring melts.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Realizing Quantitative Quasiparticle Modeling of Skyrmion Dynamics in Arbitrary Potentials.

Physical review letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Micromanipulation of Chromosomes in Insect Spermatocytes
05:45

Micromanipulation of Chromosomes in Insect Spermatocytes

Published on: October 22, 2018

9.0K

Are There Knots in Chromosomes?

Jonathan T Siebert1, Alexey N Kivel2, Liam P Atkinson3

  • 1Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany. jsiebert@uni-mainz.de.

Polymers
|April 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers determined the 3D structures of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell chromosomes using Hi-C data. The study provides the first evidence that G1 phase chromosomes are knotted, offering insights into genome folding.

Keywords:
DNAchromosome territorieschromosomesfractal globuleknots

More Related Videos

Chromosome Preparation From Cultured Cells
07:42

Chromosome Preparation From Cultured Cells

Published on: January 28, 2014

83.8K
Chromosome Screening of Human Preimplantation Embryos by Using Spent Culture Medium: Sample Collection and Chromosomal Ploidy Analysis
12:32

Chromosome Screening of Human Preimplantation Embryos by Using Spent Culture Medium: Sample Collection and Chromosomal Ploidy Analysis

Published on: September 7, 2021

2.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Micromanipulation of Chromosomes in Insect Spermatocytes
05:45

Micromanipulation of Chromosomes in Insect Spermatocytes

Published on: October 22, 2018

9.0K
Chromosome Preparation From Cultured Cells
07:42

Chromosome Preparation From Cultured Cells

Published on: January 28, 2014

83.8K
Chromosome Screening of Human Preimplantation Embryos by Using Spent Culture Medium: Sample Collection and Chromosomal Ploidy Analysis
12:32

Chromosome Screening of Human Preimplantation Embryos by Using Spent Culture Medium: Sample Collection and Chromosomal Ploidy Analysis

Published on: September 7, 2021

2.6K

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Recent advancements in Hi-C technology enable the reconstruction of 3D genome structures from contact data.
  • Determining the spatial organization of chromosomes within the nucleus is crucial for understanding gene regulation and genome stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze newly determined 3D structures of chromosomes in single haploid mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells.
  • To investigate chromosome and intact genome folding patterns using experimental data.
  • To provide the first evidence for chromosome knotting in the G1 phase.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Hi-C chromosome conformation capture data to determine 3D genome structures.
  • Analyzing low-resolution 3D structural models of individual chromosomes and the intact genome.
  • Examining the relationship between contact probability and sequence separation.

Main Results:

  • The study presents the first experimental 3D structures of chromosomes and genomes in mouse ES cells.
  • Analysis revealed that G1 phase chromosomes exhibit knotting.
  • Contact probability plots showed a power-law dependence, intermediate between a fractal globule and an equilibrium structure.

Conclusions:

  • The determined 3D chromosome structures offer valuable experimental data for studying genome folding.
  • The finding of knotted G1 chromosomes provides new insights into chromosome architecture.
  • The observed power-law dependence supports a model of genome organization that is neither a pure fractal globule nor a fully equilibrated structure.