[Neuronal cell death induced by the disruption of endoplasmic reticulum-mediated Ca²⁺ signaling]

For the function and survival of neurons in the central nervous system, it is indispensable that the intracellular Ca²⁺ dynamics are properly controlled. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a major intracellular Ca²⁺ store, plays an important role in the control of the intracellular Ca²⁺ dynamics in neurons through the supply and uptake of Ca²⁺. It has been suggested that the disruption of ER Ca²⁺ signaling is involved in neuronal cell death in various pathological conditions. Therefore, the disruption of ER Ca²⁺ signaling has attracted attention as a novel mechanism for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we introduce the latest findings including our research on the relationship between the disruption of ER Ca²⁺ signaling and neuronal cell death. In addition, we will introduce recent developments on the technology for visualizing intraluminal Ca²⁺ dynamics within the ER, which is indispensable for promoting research in this field.