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Shooting the messenger.

Leslie K John1, Hayley Blunden2, Heidi Liu3

  • 1Negotiation, Organizations, and Markets Unit.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|April 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People tend to dislike innocent messengers delivering bad news, even when the news is random. This "shoot the messenger" effect stems from a desire to make sense of chance events and is reduced when messenger benevolence is clear.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Individuals often exhibit biases in their social judgments.
  • The tendency to

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the psychological underpinnings of the

Main Methods:

  • A series of eleven experiments, including preregistered lab studies.
  • Participant ratings of messenger likeability were collected.
  • The role of sense-making, unexpectedness, and perceived motives were manipulated and measured.

Main Results:

  • Participants rated innocent messengers of bad news as less likeable.
  • This dislike was specific to the messenger, not bystanders or disagreeable information.
  • The effect was linked to the desire to make sense of chance, especially when news was unexpected.

Conclusions:

  • The tendency to dislike bad news messengers is partly driven by a need to attribute agency and make sense of random negative outcomes.
  • Perceptions of the messenger's motives, particularly malevolence, play a causal role.
  • Highlighting messenger benevolence can mitigate this negative bias.