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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

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There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
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Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Robotic-Guided Stereoelectroencephalography for Invasive Epilepsy Monitoring
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A study of perfusion changes with Insula Epilepsy using SPECT.

Jacint Sala-Padro1, Michael Fong2, Zebunnessa Rahman3

  • 1Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.

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Ictal single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) can help locate epilepsy originating in the insula but may lead to incorrect lateralization. This neuroimaging technique has limitations for insular lobe epilepsy localization.

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InsulaReviewSISCOM

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Accurate localization of insular lobe epilepsy is critical for surgical planning.
  • Non-invasive methods are sought to improve the pre-surgical work-up for epilepsy.
  • Insular epilepsy presents unique challenges for non-invasive localization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability of ictal single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) as an adjunctive test for insular lobe epilepsy.
  • To explore the utility of ictal SPECT in guiding intracranial strategies for insular epilepsy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients with focal insular onset epilepsy who underwent stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG).
  • Review of semiology, electroencephalography (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET), and ictal SPECT with Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) or SISCOM.
  • Literature review on ictal SPECT in insular epilepsy.

Main Results:

  • Five patients with insular onset epilepsy were identified.
  • Ictal SPECT showed focal hyperperemia in four patients, often bilateral and sometimes falsely lateralizing.
  • SEEG confirmed insular onset in all cases, and all patients achieved seizure freedom after surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Ictal SPECT has technical limitations for localizing seizures originating in the insula.
  • While potentially localizing, ictal SPECT can be falsely lateralizing in insular epilepsy.
  • Careful interpretation is needed when using ictal SPECT for insular lobe epilepsy assessment.