Clinical approach to prostatic diseases in the dog

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Canine Urology

Background:

• Prostatic diseases are frequently diagnosed in small animal practice, impacting dogs of all ages.
• Breeding dogs require special attention as prostatic conditions can compromise semen quality and fertility.
• Common prostatic diseases include benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatitis, prostatic neoplasia, and squamous metaplasia, often presenting with non-specific symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To detail the diagnostic process for canine prostatic diseases.
• To describe the etiologies, symptoms, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic options for prostatic conditions.
• To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis for effective treatment and prophylaxis.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on canine prostatic diseases.
• Analysis of diagnostic protocols including clinical examination and specific investigative tools.
• Evaluation of medical and surgical therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

• Accurate diagnosis of prostatic diseases can be challenging due to non-pathognomonic symptoms.
• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most prevalent condition, with treatment indicated for symptomatic cases.
• While prostate cancer is less common, surgical intervention is often palliative and associated with complications.

Conclusions:

• A structured diagnostic approach is crucial for managing canine prostatic diseases effectively.
• Modern therapies can preserve fertility in most dogs with prostatic disorders.
• Early and accurate diagnosis facilitates appropriate treatment and potential prophylaxis, improving patient outcomes.