Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
Published on: November 28, 2018
Six-month outcomes after restrictive or liberal transfusion for cardiac surgery (TRICS III trial)
L J Estcourt1,2, D J Roberts1,2
1Radcliffe Department of Medicine and BRC Haematology Theme, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Clinical Question:
Is transfusing red cell components using a restrictive transfusion threshold (Hb < 75 g L-1 ) as safe as a liberal transfusion threshold (Hb < 95 g L-1 in intensive care and < 85 g L-1 outside intensive care) during and after cardiac surgery for adults at moderate to high risk of death?
Evidence From Trial:
In adults undergoing cardiac surgery who were at moderate to high risk for death, using a restrictive red-cell transfusion threshold was as safe as a liberal red cell transfusion threshold (composite outcome of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, stroke or new-onset renal failure with dialysis at 6 months after surgery).
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