Tests on Material Compatibility of Phase Change Materials and Selected Plastics
Milan Ostrý1, Sylva Bantová2, Karel Struhala3
1Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology; 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic. ostry.m@fce.vutbr.cz.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 13, 2019
Summary
This study tested plastic compatibility with Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for building integration. Organic PCMs showed higher penetration in plastics like PE-HD and PP-H than inorganic PCMs.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Building Science
- Thermal Energy Storage
Background:
- Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are crucial for thermal energy storage in buildings.
- Encapsulation of PCMs in plastics is common, but material compatibility remains a challenge.
- Limited data exists on the long-term interaction between PCMs and common plastics used in construction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally evaluate the compatibility of selected Phase Change Materials (PCMs) with common plastics for building applications.
- To assess the suitability of organic and inorganic PCMs for integration into building structures based on material interaction.
- To quantify mass variations in plastic samples upon immersion in PCMs under simulated operational conditions.
Main Methods:
- Selected two organic PCMs and two inorganic PCMs for testing.
- Utilized three common plastics: polypropylene (PP-H), high-density polyethylene (PE-HD), and unplasticized polyvinylchloride (PVC-U).
- Immersed plastic samples in PCMs and subjected them to 16 weeks of cyclic heating and cooling in a controlled environmental chamber, monitoring mass changes.
Main Results:
- Organic PCMs demonstrated higher penetration into PE-HD and PP-H compared to inorganic PCMs.
- PCM penetration was most significant within the initial four weeks, then slowed considerably.
- Mass variations in PE-HD and PP-H samples were below 6.9% for organic PCMs and 1.8% for inorganic PCMs.
- PVC-U samples showed negligible mass variation (<0.1%) with all tested PCMs.
Conclusions:
- The compatibility of PCMs with plastics varies significantly, with organic PCMs posing a greater risk of penetration into PE-HD and PP-H.
- PVC-U exhibits excellent stability and negligible interaction with both organic and inorganic PCMs, making it a suitable encapsulant.
- Findings provide crucial data for selecting appropriate PCM-plastic combinations in building integrated thermal energy storage systems.
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