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Related Concept Videos

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations01:17

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations

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The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
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Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
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Detection and Removal of Tooth-Colored Composite Resin Using the Fluorescence-Aided Identification Technique
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Optical Stability of High-translucency Resin-based Composites.

Y B Piccoli, V P Lima, G R Basso

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    High-translucent dental composites showed variable optical property stability across brands and shades. Despite changes, all materials maintained their high translucency character over time.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dental Materials Science
    • Biomaterials
    • Optical Properties of Polymers

    Background:

    • Dental resin-based composites are widely used for aesthetic restorations.
    • High-translucency materials are crucial for achieving natural-looking results.
    • Understanding the long-term stability of optical properties is essential for clinical success.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the stability of optical properties (translucency and color) of high-translucent dental resin-based composites.
    • To compare the stability of different commercial brands and non-Vita shades.
    • To assess the impact of water and coffee storage on optical properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Four commercial high-translucent resin-based composites were tested.
    • Disc-shaped specimens were subjected to storage in water and a coffee solution for 30 days each.
    • Optical properties, including Translucency Parameter (TP) and CIEDE2000 color difference (ΔE₀₀), were measured at baseline, after water storage, and after coffee storage.
    • Color measurements utilized the L'C'h' color system.

    Main Results:

    • Baseline TP values ranged from 43 to 55.
    • Storage in water caused negligible color changes (ΔE₀₀ ≤ 0.9).
    • After coffee storage, significant color differences (ΔE₀₀ ≥ 3.2) and increased opacity were observed in most materials.
    • Orange shades exhibited lower color variation compared to other shades.
    • Hue and chroma were the most affected optical parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • High-translucent resin-based composites demonstrate variability in optical property stability among brands and shades.
    • While coffee storage significantly impacts color and opacity, the high-translucency character is generally maintained.
    • Clinicians should consider material-specific stability when selecting high-translucent composites for aesthetic restorations.