Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

2.5K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
2.5K
Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving

2.1K
San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 55...
2.1K
Aging01:26

Aging

659
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
659
Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

2.8K
Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
2.8K
Thermal Expansion01:22

Thermal Expansion

5.6K
The expansion of alcohol in a thermometer is one of many commonly encountered examples of thermal expansion, which is the change in size or volume of a given system as its temperature changes. The most visible example is the expansion of hot air. When air is heated, it expands and becomes less dense than the surrounding air, which then exerts an upward force on the hot air to, for example, make steam and smoke rise, and hot air balloons float. The same behavior happens in all liquids and gases,...
5.6K
Thermal Stress01:09

Thermal Stress

3.3K
If the temperature of an object is changed while it is prevented from expanding or contracting, the object is subjected to stress. The stress is compressive if the object expands in the absence of constraint and tensile if it contracts. This stress resulting from temperature change is known as thermal stress. It can be quite large and can cause damage. To avoid this stress, engineers may design components so they can expand and contract freely. For instance, on highways, gaps are deliberately...
3.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Environment and reproductive health in China: challenges and opportunities.

Environmental health perspectives·2012
Same author

Posttransplant mortality risk assessment for adult-to-adult right-lobe living donor liver recipients with benign end-stage liver disease.

Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology·2012
Same author

Sodium nitrite protects against kidney injury induced by brain death and improves post-transplant function.

Kidney international·2012
Same author

OIC-A006-loaded true bone ceramic heals rabbit critical-sized segmental radial defect.

Die Pharmazie·2012
Same author

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric multiple reaction monitoring-based strategies for expanding targeted profiling towards quantitative metabolomics.

Current drug metabolism·2012
Same author

Structural and functional characterization of mature forms of metalloprotease E495 from Arctic sea-ice bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM495.

PloS one·2012

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Artificial Thermal Ageing of Polyester Reinforced and Polyvinyl Chloride Coated Technical Fabric
07:48

Artificial Thermal Ageing of Polyester Reinforced and Polyvinyl Chloride Coated Technical Fabric

Published on: January 29, 2020

7.0K

Microstructure Changes in Polyester Polyurethane upon Thermal and Humid Aging.

Qiang Tian1, Ivan Krakovský2, Guanyun Yan3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China. tqsuperego@163.com.

Polymers
|April 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging polyester urethane (Estane) films in high humidity and heat causes chain hydrolysis, increasing domain size and phase separation. This structural change impacts material properties at molecular and nanoscale levels.

Keywords:
IRSANSagingmicrostructurepolyurethane

More Related Videos

Biomimetic Replication of Root Surface Microstructure using Alteration of Soft Lithography
05:53

Biomimetic Replication of Root Surface Microstructure using Alteration of Soft Lithography

Published on: August 5, 2020

6.1K
Improved Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Double Casting via Silicone Oil Treatment for Densely Packed Microstructure Replication
07:01

Improved Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Double Casting via Silicone Oil Treatment for Densely Packed Microstructure Replication

Published on: July 18, 2025

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Artificial Thermal Ageing of Polyester Reinforced and Polyvinyl Chloride Coated Technical Fabric
07:48

Artificial Thermal Ageing of Polyester Reinforced and Polyvinyl Chloride Coated Technical Fabric

Published on: January 29, 2020

7.0K
Biomimetic Replication of Root Surface Microstructure using Alteration of Soft Lithography
05:53

Biomimetic Replication of Root Surface Microstructure using Alteration of Soft Lithography

Published on: August 5, 2020

6.1K
Improved Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Double Casting via Silicone Oil Treatment for Densely Packed Microstructure Replication
07:01

Improved Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Double Casting via Silicone Oil Treatment for Densely Packed Microstructure Replication

Published on: July 18, 2025

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer science
  • Materials science
  • Chemical engineering

Background:

  • Estane 5703, a polyester urethane, is susceptible to degradation under environmental stress.
  • Understanding microstructural changes is crucial for predicting material lifespan and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of humidity and thermal aging on the microstructure of Estane 5703 films.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind observed degradation.

Main Methods:

  • Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) for nanoscale structure analysis.
  • Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for chemical bond analysis.
  • Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for molecular weight determination.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for thermal property analysis.

Main Results:

  • Increased humidity and aging time led to larger domain sizes and interdomain distances.
  • Polyurethane chain shortening (hydrolysis) was observed, correlating with increased aging.
  • Hydrolysis promoted hard segment organization into domains, increasing phase separation.
  • A decrease in glass transition temperature and increased soft segment crystallization were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrolysis of ester links in polybutylene adipate residues is a key degradation pathway.
  • This hydrolysis facilitates hard segment organization, increasing domain size and phase separation.
  • The study provides molecular to nanoscale insights into Estane degradation under humidity and thermal stress.