Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 26, 2026
11:10
Expression, Purification, and Antimicrobial Activity of S100A12
Published on: May 13, 2017
8.8K
4-Hydroxybutyrate Promotes Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptide Expression in Macrophages
Catalina Pineda Molina1,2, George S Hussey1,3, Jonas Eriksson1,3
11 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Tissue Engineering. Part A
|April 16, 2019
Summary
Hydroxylated butyrate derivatives boost antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and enhance resistance to bacterial contamination. This offers a novel strategy for preventing infections associated with implanted biomaterials.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Materials Science
Background:
- Bacterial contamination of biomaterials is a significant clinical challenge.
- Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial components of the innate immune system.
- Developing novel strategies to enhance host defense against bacterial infections is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate hydroxylated butyrate derivatives as inducers of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).
- To investigate the mechanism of AMP upregulation by sodium 4-hydroxybutyrate.
- To assess the efficacy of these compounds in preventing bacterial contamination in vivo.
Main Methods:
- In vitro evaluation of AMP expression in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages.
- Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory assays.
- In vivo studies assessing resistance to bacterial contamination.
Main Results:
- Hydroxylated butyrate derivatives differentially modulate AMP expression.
- Sodium 4-hydroxybutyrate upregulates AMPs via an HDAC-independent pathway.
- Sodium 4-hydroxybutyrate enhances resistance to bacterial contamination in vivo.
Conclusions:
- Hydroxylated butyrate derivatives can enhance the host immune system's antimicrobial activity.
- Functionalizing biomaterials with these derivatives offers a promising approach to prevent bacterial contamination.
- This strategy leverages endogenous AMP production for improved biomaterial safety.
Keywords:
2-hydroxybutyrate3-hydroxybutyrate4-hydroxybutyrateantimicrobial peptideshistone deacetylase inhibitionshort chain fatty acidssodium butyrateMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:40The Eukaryotic Promoter Region
18.7K
The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences. The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
18.7K
02:40The Eukaryotic Promoter Region
3.8K
3.8K
02:43Peptide Bonds
82.6K
A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
82.6K
01:28Antimicrobial Effectiveness
932
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
932
01:23Antimicrobial Proteins
13.1K
Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
13.1K
01:42What is Gene Expression?
195.3K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
195.3K