Estimation of prion infectivity in tissues of cattle infected with atypical BSE by real time-quaking induced conversion assay

Atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), first identified in 2004, poses a threat due to the potential to spread the disease to cattle and other animals, including humans. Here, we estimated prion titers in various tissues of cattle infected with atypical BSE using a real-time quaking-induced conversion assay that detects amyloid seeding activity of a disease-specific prion protein, PrP^Sc, a major component of prions. PrP^Sc was detected both in and outside of nerve tissues, and some of the peripheral nerve tissues contained relatively high prion titers. Low titers of prions were also observed in masseter, jejunum, and adrenal glands. Quantitative data on prion infectivity in tissues of atypical BSE-affected cattle is useful to assess the risk of atypical BSE.