Caregiver feeding practices and child weight outcomes: a systematic review

Maureen K Spill1, Emily H Callahan1, Myra J Shapiro1

  • 1The Panum Group, Bethesda, MD.

Insights

Responsive feeding guidance positively influences infant weight gain and status. Maternal feeding practices, whether restrictive or pressuring, are linked to child weight outcomes, highlighting the caregiver-child interaction

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Child Health Outcomes
  • Maternal and Child Health

Background:

  • Systematic reviews (SRs) were conducted as part of the USDA-Department of Health and Human Services Pregnancy and Birth to 24 Months Project.
  • Focus on topics crucial for the health and nutrition of young children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between caregiver feeding practices in children from birth to 24 months and their weight gain, size, and body composition.
  • Investigate the impact of specific feeding strategies on early childhood development.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of articles published between January 1980 and January 2017.
  • Utilized the Nutrition Evidence Library Risk of Bias Assessment Tool and NESR grading rubric for study assessment.
  • Included 8 controlled trials and 19 longitudinal cohort studies.

Main Results:

  • Moderate evidence suggests responsive feeding guidance leads to normal weight gain/status in children up to 2 years.
  • Restrictive feeding practices correlate with increased weight gain and higher weight status.
  • Pressuring feeding practices are associated with decreased weight gain and lower weight status.

Conclusions:

  • Caregiver-infant/toddler feeding interactions significantly impact children's weight outcomes.
  • Further research requires diverse populations, consistent methodologies, and objective measures.
Abstract

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