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Gross age-related changes and diseases in human heart valves

Treerat Gumpangseth1, Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh1,2,3, Srijit Das4

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Anatomy & Cell Biology
|April 16, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Aging significantly alters heart valve structure and function, affecting morphometry like circumference and leaflet size. Understanding these age-related changes in cardiac valves is crucial for diagnosing and treating valvular diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular anatomy
  • Gerontology
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Cardiac valves are dynamic structures essential for unidirectional blood flow during the cardiac cycle.
  • The aging process is known to impact the structure and function of heart valves.
  • Morphometric changes in heart valves due to aging are well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the basic anatomical structure of human heart valves.
  • To analyze age-related changes in heart valve morphometry.
  • To discuss heart valve diseases and their general treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cardiac valve anatomy and age-related changes.
  • Analysis of morphometric parameters including valve circumference, leaflet thickness, and orifice area.
  • Consideration of histological and echocardiographic assessment methods.

Main Results:

  • Aging affects various heart valve morphometric features, including circumference, leaflet size, and luminal area.
  • Differences in age-related changes may exist between male and female hearts.
  • The correlation between valve morphology and age holds potential as an age indicator.

Conclusions:

  • Detailed anatomical knowledge of age-related heart valve changes is vital for understanding and treating valvular pathology.
  • Morphometric analysis of cardiac valves can provide insights into the aging process.
  • Understanding these changes aids in the diagnosis and management of heart valve diseases.

Keywords:
Age changesAortic valveMitral valvePulmonary valveTricuspid valve

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