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Altered Physical Performance Following Advanced Special Operations Tactical Training.

Joshua D Winters1, Nicholas R Heebner1, Alexa K Johnson1

  • 1Sports Medicine Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.

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Advanced military tactical training significantly impacts physical performance, including strength, power, and body composition. Understanding these changes is key to developing effective, phase-specific human performance programs to reduce injury risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Military Performance Research

Background:

  • Special operations forces undergo rigorous tactical training.
  • Understanding the physiological demands and adaptations during training is crucial for optimizing performance and mitigating injury risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of distinct tactical training phases on various physical performance characteristics in elite military personnel.
  • To identify specific performance decrements and adaptations occurring during advanced special operations training.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-three United States Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC) students were assessed at three time points during two training phases.
  • Physical performance metrics included broad jump, agility tests, anaerobic power and capacity, maximal oxygen uptake, and isokinetic strength measures.
  • Linear mixed models and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to analyze within-subject changes.

Main Results:

  • Significant changes were observed in broad jump, agility, body fat percentage, anaerobic power, maximal oxygen uptake, and shoulder rotation strength between the initial and intermediate training phases.
  • Further significant alterations occurred in shuttle run time, anaerobic power and capacity, knee extension strength, trunk flexion strength, and shoulder external rotation strength between the intermediate and final training phases.

Conclusions:

  • Specific phases of advanced tactical training induce significant, measurable changes in physical performance and body composition.
  • Phase-specific data allows for the development of targeted human performance programs to address training-induced deficits and reduce injury risk in special operations forces.