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Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators
Published on: April 4, 2016
High-dimensional Stokes vector direct detection over few-mode fibers.
We introduce a novel high-dimensional Stokes vector direct detection (HD-SVDD) receiver. This technology simplifies mode recovery for fiber optic communications without complex coherent detection methods.
Area of Science:
- Optical communications
- Fiber optics engineering
- Signal processing
Background:
- Direct detection is simpler than coherent detection for optical systems.
- Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) in few-mode fibers (FMFs) offers higher capacity.
- Recovering coupled modes in FMFs typically requires complex coherent detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and demonstrate a novel high-dimensional Stokes vector direct detection (HD-SVDD) receiver.
- To enable mode recovery in MDM transmission without coherent detection.
- To showcase the feasibility of HD-SVDD for practical fiber optic systems.
Main Methods:
- Development of a high-dimensional Stokes vector direct detection (HD-SVDD) receiver architecture.
- Experimental demonstration of the HD-SVDD receiver.
- Transmission of dual-spatial and dual-polarization modes in a two-mode fiber.
Main Results:
- Successful demonstration of the first high-dimensional Stokes vector reception.
- Achieved 60 Gb/s data transmission over a 200 m two-mode fiber.
- Validated mode recovery capability without coherent detection.
Conclusions:
- The proposed HD-SVDD receiver offers a simplified approach for mode recovery in MDM systems.
- This technology advances direct detection methods for high-capacity fiber optic communications.
- HD-SVDD presents a promising solution for future optical network development.
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