Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments02:46

Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments

51.0K
Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such measurements result in exact numbers. By counting the eggs in a carton, for instance, one can determine exactly how many eggs are there in the carton. Similarly, the numbers of defined quantities are also exact. For example, 1 foot is exactly 12 inches, 1 inch is exactly 2.54 centimeters, and 1 gram is exactly 0.001 kilograms. Quantities...
51.0K
Standard Enthalpy of Formation02:37

Standard Enthalpy of Formation

49.0K
Enthalpy changes are typically tabulated for reactions in which both the reactants and products are at the same conditions. A standard state is a commonly accepted set of conditions used as a reference point for the determination of properties under other different conditions. For chemists, the IUPAC standard state refers to materials under a pressure of 1 bar and solutions at 1 M and does not specify a temperature. Many thermochemical tables list values with a standard state of 1 atm. Because...
49.0K
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

50.0K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
50.0K
Measurement: Standard Units03:38

Measurement: Standard Units

78.9K
Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the measurement (a unit), and an indication of the uncertainty of the measurement. While the number and unit are explicitly represented when a quantity is written, the uncertainty is an aspect of the errors in the measurement results.
78.9K
Calculating Standard Free Energy Changes02:49

Calculating Standard Free Energy Changes

24.8K
The free energy change for a reaction that occurs under the standard conditions of 1 bar pressure and at 298 K is called the standard free energy change. Since free energy is a state function, its value depends only on the conditions of the initial and final states of the system. A convenient and common approach to the calculation of free energy changes for physical and chemical reactions is by use of widely available compilations of standard state thermodynamic data. One method involves the...
24.8K
Standard Solutions01:14

Standard Solutions

2.4K
Standard solutions refer to solutions with a precisely known concentration or composition. A primary standard is a highly pure, high molar mass, stable substance that is entirely soluble in water, the most commonly used solvent in analytical chemistry. The primary standard solution can be used to standardize secondary standards, which are substances with known concentrations but are less pure and stable. Standard solutions are essential for achieving accurate and reliable results in analytical...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unlocking Morphology: A Case Study of Morphological Knowledge Growth in a Deaf Student Using Computer-Delivered Intervention.

American annals of the deaf·2026
Same author

Cognitive Profiles of Children with Reading Disabilities and/or ADHD.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Pre-service teachers' knowledge of language and literacy concepts: The skeleton in Canada's closet?

Annals of dyslexia·2025
Same author

Looking Beyond the Lines: Mental Health Co-Occurrences and Future Treatment Considerations for Dyslexic Populations.

Language, speech, and hearing services in schools·2025
Same author

Staples of Screening for Dyslexia in University Students.

Dyslexia (Chichester, England)·2025
Same author

Race-related host and microbe transcriptomic signatures in triple-negative breast cancer.

NPJ breast cancer·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

7.2K

Reading in Arabic: How Well Does the Standard Model Apply?

Sana Tibi1, John R Kirby2

  • 1School of Communication Science & Disorders, Florida State University, Tallahassee.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|April 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Phonological Awareness (PA) and Morphological Awareness (MA) are key predictors of reading skills in Arabic-speaking children. Poor decoders showed less automaticity, highlighting the need for targeted reading interventions.

More Related Videos

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
06:52

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills

Published on: September 17, 2019

6.8K
Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine
05:36

Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine

Published on: January 30, 2020

8.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

7.2K
Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
06:52

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills

Published on: September 17, 2019

6.8K
Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine
05:36

Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine

Published on: January 30, 2020

8.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Reading acquisition involves complex cognitive and linguistic processes.
  • Understanding these processes in diverse languages like Arabic is crucial for effective literacy instruction.
  • Existing reading models need validation across different linguistic contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cognitive and linguistic predictors of reading in Arabic-speaking children.
  • To examine the roles of Phonological Awareness (PA) and Morphological Awareness (MA) in Arabic reading.
  • To identify factors contributing to reading difficulties in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 201 third-grade Arabic-speaking children participated.
  • Measures included Vocabulary, PA, Naming Speed, Orthographic Processing, MA, Memory, and Nonverbal Ability.
  • Hierarchical regression analyses were used to determine predictors of reading outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Phonological Awareness (PA) emerged as the strongest predictor of all reading outcomes, followed by Morphological Awareness (MA).
  • Poor decoders, identified by pseudoword reading scores, performed significantly lower on all measures.
  • Regression analyses indicated that poor decoders relied more on component processes, suggesting less automaticity.

Conclusions:

  • Standard predictors of reading, particularly PA and MA, are highly relevant for Arabic.
  • Findings underscore the importance of PA and MA for successful Arabic reading development.
  • Further longitudinal and instructional studies are needed to understand developmental trajectories and improve reading interventions.