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Increased Antimicrobial Resistance of MRSA Strains Isolated from Pigs in Spain between 2009 and 2018

Rossana Abreu1,2, Cristobalina Rodríguez-Álvarez3, María Lecuona4

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Universidad de La Laguna. Campus de Ofra S/N., 38071 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. rabreu@ull.edu.es.

Veterinary Sciences
|April 17, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is prevalent in pigs on Tenerife. A significant increase in antibiotic resistance was observed between 2009-2018, necessitating better antimicrobial stewardship in livestock.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance
  • One Health

Background:

  • Emerging resistant microorganisms, such as Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), linked to livestock pose a significant public health concern.
  • Improper antimicrobial agent use in animal agriculture is a primary driver for the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and characteristics of MRSA strains in healthy pigs on the Island of Tenerife, Spain.
  • To investigate the evolution of MRSA antibiotic resistance patterns in pigs over time.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of 300 pigs from 15 farms between October 2009 and December 2010.
  • Second sampling of 125 pigs from the same farms between September 2017 and March 2018.
  • Analysis of MRSA antibiotic resistance patterns, including Sequence Type (ST398) identification.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of MRSA isolates (89.6%) belonging to the livestock-associated ST398.
  • All strains were resistant to non-carbapenem beta-lactams and sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and other key antibiotics.
  • Significant increase in resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, fosfomycin, and tigecycline between 2009/2010 and 2017/2018.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial increase in MRSA antibiotic resistance has occurred in Tenerife pigs.
  • Urgent implementation of control and surveillance programs for antibiotic use in veterinary care is crucial.
  • Reducing MRSA presence in livestock is essential to mitigate the spread of multi-drug resistance.
Keywords:
MRSASCCmecST398antibiotic resistantswine

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