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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

12.0K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

65.1K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

13.3K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.3K
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
972
Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

9.3K
Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
9.3K
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

3.7K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Establishment and Quantification of De Novo Lytic Infection by Cell-free Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus
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Establishment and Quantification of De Novo Lytic Infection by Cell-free Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

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[Cutaneous Herpesvirus Infection].

Daisuke Watanabe1

  • 1Dermatology, Aichi Medical University.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|April 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) can cause neurological symptoms. This review details typical cases and related neurological diseases caused by these latent human herpes viruses.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human herpes viruses (HHVs) are a significant cause of neurological disease.
  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) establish latency in the dorsal root ganglion.
  • Reactivation of these latent viruses can lead to severe neurological complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the typical clinical presentations of HSV and VZV infections.
  • To discuss the neurological manifestations associated with these viral infections.
  • To explore other neurological diseases closely related to HHV infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical cases and relevant studies.
  • Synthesis of information on the pathogenesis and clinical features of HSV and VZV neurological diseases.

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  • Categorization of related neurological conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is associated with conditions like herpes labialis and genital herpes, with potential neurological involvement.
    • Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes primary varicella (chickenpox) and shingles (herpes zoster) upon reactivation, often with neurological sequelae.
    • The review highlights the spectrum of neurological diseases linked to these common viral pathogens.

    Conclusions:

    • HSV and VZV are key human herpes viruses implicated in neurological disorders.
    • Understanding the typical and atypical presentations of these viral infections is crucial for diagnosis and management.
    • Further research into HHV-associated neurological diseases can improve patient outcomes.