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Molecular Evolution of the Tre Recombinase
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Evolution of Mutator transposable elements across eukaryotic diversity.

Mathilde Dupeyron1, Kumar S Singh1, Chris Bass1

  • 1Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE UK.

Mobile DNA
|April 17, 2019
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Summary

Mutator-like elements (MULEs) are DNA transposons with high mutagenic potential. This study reveals new MULE clades in arthropods and suggests horizontal transfer shaped their evolution, providing a framework for MULE classification.

Keywords:
Horizontal transferHorizontal transmissionMULEMULEsMuDRPhylogenetic analysisTransposon

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Evolution
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Mutator-like elements (MULEs) are DNA transposons known for high transposition activity, gene insertion, mutagenic capacity, and acquisition of host gene fragments.
  • MULEs are crucial for studying host-transposon interactions, with prior research focusing on crop and fungus genomes, yet their evolution remains under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze MULE diversity and reconstruct their evolutionary history.
  • To identify novel MULE clades and understand their host range and evolutionary mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses of MULEs mined from online databases.
  • Integration of MULE sequences with transposase sequences from published studies.
  • Comparative analysis of MULE structure, including TIR length, across different host groups.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of two new MULE clades predominantly found in arthropod hosts, expanding known MULE diversity in this group.
  • Evidence suggesting horizontal transfer played a significant role in MULE evolution, with distinct clustering of plant MULEs.
  • Significant variation in MULE structure and TIR length observed across phylogenetic groups, with diversity correlating with host taxonomy.

Conclusions:

  • The study advances the understanding of MULE diversity, host range, and evolution.
  • A robust taxonomic framework for classifying MULEs is proposed, facilitating future discoveries.
  • Findings open new avenues for research into MULE biology and host-transposon interactions.