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Related Experiment Video

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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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68Ga-PSMA PET thyroid incidentalomas.

Francesco Bertagna1, Domenico Albano2, Luca Giovanella3

  • 1Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy. francesco.bertagna@unibs.it.

Hormones (Athens, Greece)
|April 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Incidental prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake in the thyroid gland, known as PSMA thyroid incidentaloma (PTI), is rare but often indicates unexpected thyroid lesions. The risk of malignancy for these incidental findings is significant.

Keywords:
IncidentalPET (Positron emission tomography)PSMA (Prostate-specific membrane antigen)ThyroidThyroid incidentaloma

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Thyroid incidentaloma refers to thyroid lesions found incidentally during imaging for other conditions.
  • Focal radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake in the thyroid gland is termed PSMA thyroid incidentaloma (PTI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of PSMA thyroid incidentalomas (PTIs).
  • To assess the implications of incidentally detected PSMA uptake in the thyroid gland.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was performed.
  • Databases searched included PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase.
  • Included studies focused on PTIs detected by PET/CT or PET/MRI in patients scanned for oncologic reasons.

Main Results:

  • Twelve articles comprising 23 PTIs were analyzed.
  • Six PTIs were malignant (5 primary thyroid tumors, 1 metastasis).
  • One lesion was of undetermined significance; the remainder were benign.

Conclusions:

  • PSMA thyroid incidentalomas (PTIs), while rare, frequently indicate unexpected thyroid lesions.
  • The risk of malignancy associated with PTIs is not negligible.
  • PTIs may be underestimated and warrant further investigation.