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Related Concept Videos

Nursing Diagnosis01:22

Nursing Diagnosis

3.8K
Following assessment, a nursing diagnosis is the next step in the nursing process. It begins after the nurse has collected and recorded the patient data. The purpose of diagnosing is to identify how the client responds to actual or potential health processes, identify factors that bestow or that cause health problems, the etiologies, and identify resources or strengths the individual, group, or community can draw on to prevent or resolve problems.
The nursing diagnosis focuses on evidence-based...
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Documentation of Nursing Diagnosis01:10

Documentation of Nursing Diagnosis

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The nurse documents nursing diagnoses and enters them into the patient record. The identified patient's nursing diagnosis is either written out with a plan of care or entered into the electronic health record.
In some settings, data-driven computerized decision support systems are in place, allowing for more accurate nursing diagnoses. The database within one of these systems includes diagnostic labels defining characteristics, activities, and indicators for nursing. A nurse enters...
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Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I01:26

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I

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A nursing diagnosis is written when the nurse recognizes a cluster of essential patient data indicating health problems treated with independent nursing interventions. The standardized terminologies of a nursing diagnosis help nurses identify and treat patients' problems. Every electronic health record that uses nursing diagnosis must employ standard diagnostic terminology. Developing an efficient, individualized care plan begins with accurate nursing diagnoses.
There are thirteen domains...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis II01:25

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis II

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Nursing diagnoses represent a problem validated by major defining characteristics. There are four categories of nursing diagnoses: problem-focused, risk, health promotion or wellness, and syndrome. The anatomy of a nursing diagnosis includes three components: problem statement or diagnostic label, defining characteristics, and related factors.
Risk nursing diagnoses represent clinical judgments of an individual, family, or community more vulnerable to developing the health problem than others...
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Role of Communication in the Nursing Process I: Assessment and Diagnosis01:25

Role of Communication in the Nursing Process I: Assessment and Diagnosis

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The nursing process uses scientific reasoning, problem-solving, and critical thinking to guide nurses in providing patients with appropriate care. This process is a systematic approach to recognize, avoid, and treat current or potential health issues while promoting the patient's well-being.
The nursing process considers the patient's emotional and physical well-being. The process can be repeated or stopped at any point if judged essential. Assessment is the first step in the nursing...
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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Design and methodology of a randomized clinical trial of prolonged daily antibiotic suppression with and without fulguration for uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections in women.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)-free and Recurrent UTI (rUTI)-Free Survivals Following Bladder Electrofulguration in Women With a History of Antibiotic-Refractory rUTI.

Open forum infectious diseases·2026
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Letter to the Editor: Re: Is There Adequate Evidence for Intracellular Bacteria Being a Significant Cause of rUTIs and Thereby Justifying Targeted Treatments Such as Bladder Fulguration or Intravesical Therapies? By Harding et al. (2025) in Neurourology and Urodynamics.

Neurourology and urodynamics·2026
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<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Influences the Transcription and Metabolism of Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> when Grown in Co-Culture.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
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Comparison of Urine pH in Postmenopausal Women With a Current, a History of, or No History of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection.

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Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection
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Is trigonitis a neglected, imprecise, misunderstood, or forgotten diagnosis?

Zhina Sadeghi1, Gregory MacLennan2, Stacy J Childs3

  • 1Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
|April 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Trigonitis, inflammation of the bladder trigone, remains poorly understood. Further research is needed to clarify its prevalence, causes, and optimal management, especially in recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI).

Keywords:
infection of trigoneinflammation of trigonepseudomembranousrecurrent urinary tract infections and trigonitistrigonitistrigonitiscystitis cystica

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gynecologic Urology

Background:

  • Trigonitis, an inflammatory condition affecting the bladder trigone, lacks a clear definition and understanding in current urologic practice.
  • Existing literature presents varied histological and cystoscopic findings, often conflating trigonitis with other bladder pathologies like cystitis cystica and squamous metaplasia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate current knowledge on trigonitis, its pathophysiology, and treatment strategies.
  • To evaluate the relevance of trigonitis in the context of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI).

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases (1905-present).
  • Inclusion of English-language articles specifically addressing trigonitis and related terms, excluding studies in children or men.
  • Review of reported histologic findings, pathophysiologic theories, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Only 27 out of 57 relevant articles focused specifically on trigonitis.
  • Cystoscopic findings differentiate inflammatory lesions from squamous metaplasia; proposed pathophysiologies include trigone embryology, rUTI history, and hormonal effects.
  • Numerous treatments exist (antibiotics, intravesical agents, electrofulguration, laser), but criteria and long-term data are lacking.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence, pathophysiology, and optimal treatment of trigonitis remain poorly defined.
  • Despite various reported interventions, established treatment guidelines and long-term outcome data are absent.
  • Further evaluation is necessary to determine the precise role of trigonitis in managing rUTI.