The Expansion Cracks of Dolomitic Aggregates Cured in TMAH Solution Caused by Alkali⁻Carbonate Reaction

In this study, concrete microbars and rock prisms made of dolomitic aggregates were cured in a 1-mol/L tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) solution at 80 °C to avoid the effect of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) on expansion. The expansion of specimens was only caused by the alkali-carbonate reaction (ACR). The reason that self-made cement was used in this work was to ensure that the Mg²⁺ contained in the brucite originated only from dolomite. Expansion of concrete microbars and rock prisms was measured, the expansion cracks were systematically observed by orthogonal polarizing microscopy, and the products of ACR were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The results showed that the dolomite crystals in the dolomitic aggregates reacted with the TMAH solution and resulted in ACR, which formed calcite and brucite and led to cracking of the specimens. The source of the expansion was the dolomite crystals of the dolomite enrichment area. Expansion cracks either extended inside the rock or into the cement phase and eventually disappeared. The alkali-carbonate reaction significantly contributed to the expansion of dolomitic aggregates cured in TMAH solution at a later curing age.