Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

7.9K
Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
7.9K
Frames01:30

Frames

828
Frames are essential components of various mechanical and structural systems used daily. These structures are known for their stability and ability to bear heavy loads. A frame is constructed using two-force and multi-force members, interconnected using pin joints. In contrast, trusses are made entirely of two-force members.
Frames are versatile and widely used in various applications such as structural supports for beams and columns, automobile chassis construction, and in the construction...
828
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

10.9K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
10.9K
Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

26.0K
A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
26.0K
Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

8.6K
In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
8.6K
Chromosome Replication02:31

Chromosome Replication

10.5K
Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin...
10.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intralineage Diversity and Global Biogeography of <i>Ca</i>. Phosphoribacter.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Improved O<sub>3</sub> attribution and health impact assessment using RSM-based inverse emission inventories in the greater bay area.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2026
Same author

Cooperative siderophore use stabilizes a protective leaf microbiome.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Displacement-Optimized Tanglegrams for Trees and Networks.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same author

Mechanism of activated carbon enhanced activated sludge (ACEAS) in treating recalcitrant chemical wastewater.

Journal of environmental management·2026
Same author

Microbial community biomarkers can forecast methane production in full-scale anaerobic digesters.

Journal of environmental management·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
08:23

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

Published on: February 18, 2022

4.2K

Annotated bacterial chromosomes from frame-shift-corrected long-read metagenomic data.

Krithika Arumugam1, Caner Bağcı2,3, Irina Bessarab4

  • 1Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, SBS-01N-27, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.

Microbiome
|April 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Long-read sequencing now enables recovery of complete bacterial chromosomes from environmental samples, offering deeper microbiome insights. This advancement provides a more detailed view of individual microbial community members.

Keywords:
AlgorithmsFrame-shiftsLong-read sequencingMicrobial genomicsMicrobiomeSequence assemblySoftware

More Related Videos

Metagenomic Analysis of Silage
08:43

Metagenomic Analysis of Silage

Published on: January 13, 2017

19.0K
A Virtual Machine Platform for Non-Computer Professionals for Using Deep Learning to Classify Biological Sequences of Metagenomic Data
09:34

A Virtual Machine Platform for Non-Computer Professionals for Using Deep Learning to Classify Biological Sequences of Metagenomic Data

Published on: September 25, 2021

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
08:23

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

Published on: February 18, 2022

4.2K
Metagenomic Analysis of Silage
08:43

Metagenomic Analysis of Silage

Published on: January 13, 2017

19.0K
A Virtual Machine Platform for Non-Computer Professionals for Using Deep Learning to Classify Biological Sequences of Metagenomic Data
09:34

A Virtual Machine Platform for Non-Computer Professionals for Using Deep Learning to Classify Biological Sequences of Metagenomic Data

Published on: September 25, 2021

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Short-read sequencing is standard for microbiome analysis.
  • Long-read sequencing is becoming more feasible for metagenomic samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining whole bacterial chromosomes from environmental samples using long-read sequencing.
  • To present a processing pipeline for long-read metagenomic data.

Main Methods:

  • Application of MinION (long-read) sequencing to an enriched microbial community sample from an EBPR bioreactor.
  • Assembly of sequencing data into closed bacterial chromosomes.
  • Development of a data processing pipeline with frame-shift error correction.

Main Results:

  • Successfully obtained 6 Gb of sequence data.
  • Assembled multiple closed bacterial chromosomes from the metagenomic sample.
  • Developed a pipeline for processing long-read data, including frame-shift correction.

Conclusions:

  • Long-read sequencing technology and algorithms facilitate routine whole chromosome extraction from environmental samples.
  • This provides a more comprehensive understanding of individual microbiome members.