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The Microbiome of Temporal Arteries
Gary S Hoffman1, Ted M Getz2, Roshan Padmanabhan2
1Center for Vasculitis Care and Research; Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland, Ohio.
Pathogens & Immunity
|April 18, 2019
Summary
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) temporal arteries harbor bacteria, differing significantly from non-GCA arteries. Microbiome analysis revealed distinct bacterial communities in GCA patients, not correlating with biopsy results.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an inflammatory condition affecting large arteries.
- The role of microorganisms in GCA pathogenesis has been long suspected but not well-defined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the microbiome composition of temporal arteries in patients with GCA.
- To compare the microbiomes of temporal arteries between GCA patients and healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Temporal artery biopsies were collected from GCA patients and controls under aseptic conditions.
- Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and long-read 16S rRNA gene sequencing were employed to analyze bacterial presence and diversity.
- Bioinformatic analyses, including principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and functional profiling (PICRUSt), were used to compare microbiomes.
Main Results:
- Bacterial DNA signals were detected in the arterial media of temporal arteries.
- Significant differences in beta diversity, but not alpha diversity, were observed between GCA and control temporal arteries (P = 0.042).
- Differential abundance analysis identified Proteobacteria, Bifidobacterium, Parasutterella, and Granulicatella as key genera differing between GCA and non-GCA arteries.
Conclusions:
- Temporal arteries are not sterile and are inhabited by a bacterial community.
- Distinct microbiomic differences exist between temporal arteries of GCA patients and controls.
- No significant microbiome differences were found between biopsy-positive and biopsy-negative GCA.
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