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Group A rotavirus surveillance before vaccine introduction in Italy, September 2014 to August 2017

Giovanni Ianiro1, Roberto Micolano1, Ilaria Di Bartolo1

  • 1Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.

Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen Sur Les Maladies Transmissibles = European Communicable Disease Bulletin
|April 18, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Group A rotaviruses (RVA) cause severe diarrhea in children. This study found G12P[8] became the most common RVA genotype in Italy before widespread vaccination, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance of rotavirus strains.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are a primary cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children globally.
  • RVA infections lead to significant mortality, particularly in low-income countries.
  • The VP7 (G genotype) and VP4 (P genotype) proteins define RVA strains, with specific G/P combinations dominating human infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize circulating RVA strains in Italy during the pre-vaccination period.
  • To identify trends in RVA genotype circulation within the Italian pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Collection of 2,202 rotavirus-positive samples from children hospitalized with AGE in Italy between September 2014 and August 2017.
  • Standard European protocols were used for RVA genotyping of collected samples.

Main Results:

  • The G12P[8] genotype predominated (24.70%), followed by G9P[8] (24.30%), G1P[8] (20.84%), and G4P[8] (16.85%).
  • G2P[4] and G3P[8] genotypes were found at lower frequencies (3.32% and 3.09%, respectively).
  • Mixed infections and uncommon RVA strains were detected in 6.49% and 0.41% of cases, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The emergence of G12P[8] signifies its position as a common human rotavirus genotype.
  • Continuous surveillance and monitoring of RVA strains are crucial for understanding rotavirus evolution and genotype distribution.
  • This monitoring is particularly important for identifying strains that may arise from reassortment events.

Keywords:
Italyacute gastroenteritisepidemiologygenotypegroup A rotavirushumaninfection controlmolecular methodsrotavirusrotavirus infectionstatisticssurveillanceviral infections

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