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Craving for heroin: difference between methadone maintenance therapy patients with and without ADHD
Maurizio Coppola1, Giuseppe Sacchetto1, Raffaella Mondola2
1Dipartimento Dipendenze, ASL CN2, Alba, CN, Italy.
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
|April 18, 2019
Summary
Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and opioid addiction experience greater heroin craving. This study investigated ADHD
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) persists into adulthood in 40-60% of cases.
- Co-occurring ADHD and drug addiction are linked to increased drug craving.
- A pilot study investigated ADHD's impact on heroin craving in methadone patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on heroin craving.
- To compare heroin craving intensity between patients with and without ADHD.
Main Methods:
- Pilot open-label study in Alba, Italy.
- 104 patients in methadone maintenance therapy assessed.
- Utilized SCID-5, SCID-5-PD, DIVA 2.0, and COWS for assessment.
Main Results:
- 14% of patients had ADHD; 86% did not.
- Patients with ADHD reported significantly higher heroin craving intensity.
- This difference was observed even without withdrawal symptoms.
Conclusions:
- Shared neurobiological mechanisms, like dopamine dysfunction, link ADHD and addiction.
- These mechanisms may affect impulsivity, motivation, and executive functions.
- ADHD can consequently intensify craving in individuals with substance use disorders.
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