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Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
Published on: July 3, 2025
Highly Oxidized Graphene Quantum Dots from Coal as Efficient Antioxidants
Lizanne Nilewski, Kimberly Mendoza1, Almaz S Jalilov
1Department of Neurology , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States.
Abstract:
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have recently been employed in various fields including medicine as antioxidants, primarily because of favorable biocompatibility in comparison to common inorganic quantum dots, although the structural features that lead to the biological activities of GQDs are poorly understood. Here, we report that coal-derived GQDs and their poly(ethylene glycol)-functionalized derivatives serve as efficient antioxidants, and we evaluate their electrochemical, chemical, and in vitro biological activities.
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