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In utero Electroporation followed by Primary Neuronal Culture for Studying Gene Function in Subset of Cortical Neurons
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Visual cortex neurons phase-lock selectively to subsets of LFP oscillations.

N V Swindale1, M A Spacek2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada.

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|April 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Primary visual cortex neurons exhibit desynchronized states under anesthesia, resembling REM sleep. Neurons selectively synchronize to specific local field potential (LFP) oscillations, suggesting frequency-based signaling.

Keywords:
local field potentialneural synchronyoscillationsphase-lockingvisual cortex

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Sensory Systems

Background:

  • Primary visual cortex (V1) neurons are typically considered functionally similar, differing mainly in receptive field properties.
  • The functional homogeneity of V1 neurons may be an oversimplification given neuronal genetic diversity and complex input.
  • Investigating neuronal activity during non-standard states can reveal alternative computational principles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional organization of primary visual cortex neurons during spontaneous, desynchronized brain states.
  • To determine if V1 neurons exhibit unique firing patterns during anesthesia-induced REM sleep-like states.
  • To explore the potential role of frequency-selective signaling in cortical computation.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded local field potentials (LFPs) and spontaneous neuronal firing in anesthetized cat area 17.
  • Identified periods of desynchronized LFP activity characterized by narrow-band oscillations (2-100 Hz) and absence of 1/f spectrum.
  • Analyzed neuronal phase-locking to specific LFP frequency components and combinations.

Main Results:

  • Observed prolonged (up to 45 min) desynchronized states with variable LFP oscillations.
  • Found that spontaneously active neurons phase-locked to specific subsets of LFP oscillations.
  • Demonstrated that individual neurons selectively synchronized to different LFP frequencies, with some acting as phase coincidence detectors for frequency pairs.

Conclusions:

  • Desynchronized periods under anesthesia may represent REM sleep-like states with unique neuronal signaling.
  • Neurons utilize frequency-selective codes, synchronizing to specific LFP oscillations and their combinations.
  • Frequency-selective pathways and combination codes may constitute a previously unrecognized organizational principle in the cortex.