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Relationship Between the Fecal Microbiota and Depression and Anxiety in Pediatric Patients With Orthostatic

Wakako Ishii1,2, Shihoko Komine-Aizawa3,2, Chika Takano1,2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders
|April 18, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with orthostatic intolerance (OI) have altered gut bacteria, with specific changes linked to depression. Intestinal flora may be a new target for managing pediatric OI and mental health.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Pediatric gastroenterology
  • Child and adolescent psychiatry

Background:

  • Orthostatic intolerance (OI) is a significant health issue in children and adolescents.
  • Psychosocial factors influence OI onset and severity.
  • The role of intestinal microbiota in pediatric mental health is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intestinal microbiota in children with OI.
  • To explore the relationship between intestinal microbiota and mental health in pediatric OI patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 56 fecal samples from pediatric OI patients and 9 from healthy children using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  • Assessment of bacterial diversity via Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indices.
  • Evaluation of mental health using the Children's Depression Inventory and Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale.

Main Results:

  • A higher proportion of Clostridium subcluster XIVa and/or Enterobacteriaceae was observed in pediatric OI patients compared to controls (P = .02).
  • Bifidobacterium was less frequent in OI patients with depression than in those without depression.
  • No correlation was found between depression, anxiety, and overall bacterial diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric patients with OI exhibit distinct alterations in their intestinal bacterial flora.
  • Intestinal microbiota represents a potential novel therapeutic target for managing treatment-resistant pediatric OI and associated mental health conditions.
Abstract

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