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Industrial Gear Oils: Tribological Performance and Subsurface Changes.

Aduragbemi Adebogun1,2, Robert Hudson3, Angela Breakspear4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gear oil formulations significantly impact subsurface deformation and wear. Different additives create distinct tribofilms, affecting material properties and performance under sliding conditions.

Keywords:
Boundary lubricationGear oilsMechanical propertiesSubsurface microstructureSurface chemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Tribology
  • Surface Engineering

Background:

  • Gear oils are crucial for reducing friction and wear in mechanical systems.
  • Understanding the interaction between lubricant additives and metal surfaces is key to improving component longevity.
  • Previous studies have explored lubricant performance, but detailed subsurface microstructural changes remain an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the tribological performance of three distinct gear oil formulations.
  • To correlate lubricant composition with surface and subsurface microstructural alterations.
  • To elucidate the relationship between tribofilm formation, subsurface hardening, and wear behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Tribological sliding tests were conducted using AISI 52100 steel components.
  • Worn surfaces were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
  • Subsurface hardness-depth profiles were measured.
  • Microstructural analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam preparation, and transmission electron backscattered diffraction (t-EBSD).

Main Results:

  • Each gear oil exhibited unique tribological performance and tribofilm characteristics.
  • Oils B and C resulted in a significant surface hardness increase (approx. 100%), compared to Oil A (approx. 33%).
  • Oil A promoted deeper ferrite grain refinement (>10 µm) compared to Oils B and C (2-3 µm).

Conclusions:

  • Lubricant formulation and tribofilm properties critically influence subsurface deformation.
  • The extent of subsurface microstructural changes directly impacts wear performance.
  • Tailoring gear oil additives can optimize material response and enhance wear resistance.