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Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
Published on: December 18, 2015
Orthogonal shortwave infrared emission based on rare earth nanoparticles for interference-free logical codes and
By Liyi Ma1,2,3, Xuejiao Zhai1, Gaiping Du2,3
1Department of Chemistry , Capital Normal University , Beijing 100048 , People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Shortwave infrared (SWIR) photoluminescence has received intense interest in many fields in recent years thanks to the advantages of its wide wavelength range and high tissue imaging ability and it is invisible to the naked eye. However, achieving orthogonal SWIR emission still remains a challenge. In the present study, synthesized NaErF4@NaLuF4 (Er@Lu) and NaYF4:Nd@NaLuF4 (Y:Nd@Lu) nanoparticles emitted atom-like SWIR emission, and the separation distance between the SWIR emission was beyond 50 nm, which permitted orthogonal SWIR signal acquirement with optical filters. Furthermore, an invisible logical code was designed by manipulating the orthogonal SWIR emission of the lanthanide fluoride nanoparticles, and was further operated by basic logical operations and applied in information encryption and anti-counterfeit fields. In addition, the emission between these two hydrophilic nanoparticles could also be separated in vivo without signal interference and the orthogonal SWIR imaging mode was achieved, which was demonstrated in a bio-imaging experiment in vivo. This demonstration extended the orthogonal SWIR emission capacity by controlling the orthogonal emission, opening new opportunities in the fields of data security, disease diagnosis and non-interference label in vivo.
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