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Primary Active Transport

Primary Active Transport

In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...

Primary Active Transport

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...

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Primary distribution systems deliver electrical power from substations to consumers through various voltage classes, with 15-kV class voltages being predominant among U.S. utilities. Older 2.5- and 5-kV classes are being replaced by 15-kV primaries, while higher 25- to 34.5-kV classes are used in high-density urban areas and rural regions with long feeders. Three-phase, four-wire multigrounded systems are widely employed for balanced power delivery, using the neutral wire as a grounding point.

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia

Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia

Published on: April 14, 2017

Primary hyperparathyroidism.

Ao Wang¹, Lei Yuan¹

¹Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China.

Clinical Case Reports

|April 19, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A giant parathyroid adenoma caused hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia. Technetium sestamibi scans located the mass, and surgery led to full recovery.

Keywords:

emission computed tomography hypercalcemia hyperparathyroidism parathyroid adenoma

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Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia

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Published on: April 14, 2017

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

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Published on: May 15, 2020

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Nuclear Medicine
Surgical Pathology

Background:

Hyperparathyroidism is a condition characterized by excessive parathyroid hormone production.
Hypercalcemia, a common complication, can lead to significant health issues.
Giant parathyroid adenomas are rare causes of these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a case of hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia attributed to a giant parathyroid adenoma.
To illustrate the diagnostic utility of imaging modalities in such cases.
To highlight the successful surgical management and recovery.

Main Methods:

Diagnostic imaging utilizing technetium sestamibi scan for parathyroid mass localization.
Bone emission computed tomography (ECT) to assess for metabolic osteopathy.
Surgical intervention (parathyroidectomy) for definitive treatment.

Main Results:

Technetium sestamibi scan successfully identified the location of the giant parathyroid adenoma.
Bone ECT confirmed characteristic signs of metabolic bone disease.
The patient experienced a complete recovery following parathyroidectomy.

Conclusions:

Giant parathyroid adenomas can present as a significant cause of hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia.
Technetium sestamibi scintigraphy is effective for localizing these masses.
Parathyroidectomy offers a curative treatment option for patients with symptomatic giant parathyroid adenomas.