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Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles
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Developing biocompatible silver nanoparticles using epigallocatechin gallate for dental use.

Iris Xiaoxue Yin1, Ollie Yiru Yu1, Irene Shuping Zhao2

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Archives of Oral Biology
|April 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) demonstrate biocompatibility and effectively inhibit cariogenic Streptococcus mutans biofilm growth. This offers a promising approach for dental applications.

Keywords:
Antibacterial agentsEpigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)Green chemistrySilver nanoparticles (AgNPs)

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Streptococcus mutans is a primary cariogenic bacterium responsible for dental caries.
  • Biofilm formation by S. mutans is a key factor in caries development.
  • Developing novel antimicrobial agents to inhibit S. mutans biofilm is crucial for oral health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as a reducing agent.
  • To evaluate the biocompatibility of EGCG-synthesized AgNPs.
  • To assess the efficacy of EGCG-synthesized AgNPs in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans biofilm growth.

Main Methods:

  • AgNPs were synthesized using EGCG; cytotoxicity was assessed via IC50 on human gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED).
  • Antibacterial activity was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against S. mutans.
  • Biofilm inhibition was evaluated on dentine blocks using colony-forming units (CFUs), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and analysis of lactic acid and polysaccharide production.

Main Results:

  • Spherical AgNPs (17±7 nm) were successfully synthesized.
  • EGCG-AgNPs showed lower cytotoxicity against HGF-1 and SHED compared to silver nitrate (AgNO3).
  • AgNPs exhibited significant inhibition of S. mutans biofilm formation, reducing CFUs, lactic acid, and polysaccharide production, with minimal biofilm observed via SEM and CLSM.

Conclusions:

  • Biocompatible silver nanoparticles were developed using EGCG.
  • EGCG-synthesized AgNPs effectively inhibit the growth and virulence factors of cariogenic Streptococcus mutans biofilms.
  • These findings suggest potential applications of EGCG-AgNPs in preventing dental caries.