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Related Concept Videos

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It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

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San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
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Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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The expansion of alcohol in a thermometer is one of many commonly encountered examples of thermal expansion, which is the change in size or volume of a given system as its temperature changes. The most visible example is the expansion of hot air. When air is heated, it expands and becomes less dense than the surrounding air, which then exerts an upward force on the hot air to, for example, make steam and smoke rise, and hot air balloons float. The same behavior happens in all liquids and gases,...
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If the temperature of an object is changed while it is prevented from expanding or contracting, the object is subjected to stress. The stress is compressive if the object expands in the absence of constraint and tensile if it contracts. This stress resulting from temperature change is known as thermal stress. It can be quite large and can cause damage. To avoid this stress, engineers may design components so they can expand and contract freely. For instance, on highways, gaps are deliberately...
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Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
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Multifunctional quantum thermal device utilizing three qubits.

Bao-Qing Guo1, Tong Liu1, Chang-Shui Yu1

  • 1School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a quantum thermal device using coupled qubits that functions as a heat transistor, stabilizer, valve, and rectifier, offering versatile heat management capabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum thermodynamics
  • Solid-state physics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Quantum thermal devices are analogous to electronic devices for managing heat currents.
  • Interest is growing in developing quantum devices for precise thermal control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and analyze a three-terminal quantum thermal device.
  • To explore its potential thermodynamic functions and applications.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling a system of three coupled qubits interacting with three heat baths at different temperatures.
  • Solving the steady-state dynamics of the quantum system.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated multiple thermodynamic functions including heat current transistor, stabilizer, valve, and rectifier.
  • The device can amplify, modulate, switch, stabilize, and rectify heat currents.
  • Unidirectional heat flow control was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The designed three-terminal quantum thermal device offers versatile heat management capabilities.
  • It integrates functions like amplification, stabilization, switching, and rectification.
  • This work opens avenues for advanced quantum thermal management technologies.