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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

195.2K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Facilitating the Analysis of Immunological Data with Visual Analytic Techniques
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Facilitating the Analysis of Immunological Data with Visual Analytic Techniques

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VIGLA-M: visual gene expression data analytics.

Ismael Navas-Delgado1, José García-Nieto2, Esteban López-Camacho2

  • 1Khaos Research, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain, Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa 18, Málaga, 29071, Spain. ismael@lcc.uma.es.

BMC Bioinformatics
|April 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physicians can now analyze melanoma gene expression data with VIGLA-M, a new tool aiding in biomarker discovery and patient care. This platform offers initial insights into patient evolution, paving the way for improved clinical decision-making.

Keywords:
Gene Expression Level AnalysisMetastatic MelanomaNanostring Immune Profiling Panel

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Gene expression analysis is crucial for understanding patient progression and identifying genetic biomarkers in clinical studies.
  • Current gene expression analysis tools are primarily designed for geneticists, limiting physician involvement in initial data discovery.
  • Empowering physicians with these tools can accelerate clinical assay development and improve patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a user-friendly platform for physicians to analyze gene expression levels in melanoma patients.
  • To facilitate the discovery of novel genetic biomarkers for melanoma.
  • To deepen the understanding of melanoma immunology and optimize treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a database for collecting clinical information and gene expression data (NanoString platform, Immune Profiling Panel) from melanoma patients.
  • Utilized Python for data analysis of gene expression profiles.
  • Implemented a scalable parallel processing version using Apache Spark.

Main Results:

  • Created VIGLA-M, a visual analysis tool for melanoma gene expression data.
  • The platform provides initial insights into patient evolution through expression profile analysis.
  • Demonstrated the potential for discovering new genetic biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • VIGLA-M is accessible online for physicians to explore real clinical data.
  • Initial analyses show promise in understanding patient trajectories and identifying potential biomarkers.
  • Further large-scale studies with newly sequenced patients are necessary to validate findings and discover new biomarkers.