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Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

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Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis (“cellular eating”) is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects—such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
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Phagocytosis00:41

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Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
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Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells01:17

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Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
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Necrosis01:16

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Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
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Fetal Circulation01:14

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Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
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Overview of Cell Death01:30

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Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
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No 378 - Placentophagie.

Chelsea Elwood1, Deborah Money1, Julie van Schalkwyk1

  • 1Vancouver (C.-B.).

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal D'Obstetrique Et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC
|April 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Human placenta consumption is a recent practice. However, there is no scientific evidence of benefits, and it may pose health risks. Therefore, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) does not recommend placentophagy.

Keywords:
accouchement.maladies infectieusesobstétriqueplacentaplacentophagiesanté maternelle

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Postpartum Care
  • Human Placenta Bioactivity

Background:

  • Human placenta consumption, or placentophagy, has gained recent attention.
  • Anecdotal reports suggest potential benefits, but scientific validation is lacking.
  • Concerns exist regarding the safety and efficacy of placentophagy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing evidence on human placenta consumption.
  • To assess the purported benefits and potential risks associated with placentophagy.
  • To provide guidance on the practice of placentophagy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific studies and case reports.
  • Analysis of available data on placenta preparation and consumption.
  • Evaluation of potential health risks and contraindications.

Main Results:

  • No robust scientific evidence supports the claimed benefits of placentophagy.
  • Potential risks include exposure to pathogens and heavy metals.
  • The biological mechanisms for claimed benefits are not established.

Conclusions:

  • The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) does not recommend placentophagy.
  • The practice lacks scientific support and carries potential health risks.
  • Further research is needed to definitively assess safety and efficacy, but current evidence is insufficient to warrant recommendation.