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Probing entanglement in a many-body-localized system
Alexander Lukin1, Matthew Rispoli1, Robert Schittko1
1Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 20, 2019
Summary
Many-body localization prevents quantum systems from reaching thermal equilibrium. Researchers experimentally observed this phenomenon, confirming a distinct state of matter characterized by localized particles and growing entanglement entropy.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Condensed matter physics
- Statistical mechanics
Background:
- Disordered quantum systems can fail to thermalize, indicating a breakdown of thermodynamics.
- Understanding this phenomenon requires measuring system entanglement, which is experimentally difficult.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally realize and characterize a many-body localized system.
- To investigate the role of entanglement in the breakdown of thermalization.
Main Methods:
- Realization of a many-body localized system in a disordered Bose-Hubbard chain.
- Characterization of entanglement properties via particle fluctuations and correlations.
- Measurement of nonlocal correlations to probe entanglement entropy growth.
Main Results:
- Observed particle localization, suppressing transport and subsystem thermalization.
- Measured nonlocal correlations exhibiting logarithmic growth of entanglement entropy.
- Demonstrated that many-body localization is distinct from noninteracting localization.
Conclusions:
- Experimentally confirmed many-body localization as a distinct quantum phenomenon.
- Established a method for characterizing entanglement in such systems.
- Provided insights into the breakdown of thermodynamics in disordered quantum systems.
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