Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

57.3K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
57.3K
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

14.2K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
14.2K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

8.1K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
8.1K
Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps01:16

Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps

1.1K
A tracheostomy is a surgical technique that involves making an incision in the neck to provide access to the trachea. It is frequently used in medical conditions such as airway obstruction and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Effective nursing management is crucial for the long-term success of a tracheostomy.
Required Equipment
The equipment necessary for tracheostomy care includes:
1.1K
Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing01:36

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

6.7K
6.7K
Tracheostomy Suctioning I: Pre-Procedural Steps01:26

Tracheostomy Suctioning I: Pre-Procedural Steps

2.2K
Tracheostomy suctioning is a critical procedure healthcare professionals perform to maintain a patent airway in patients with a tracheostomy tube. This procedure is necessary when secretions accumulate in the airway, causing respiratory distress. Here is a step-wise procedural guide for performing tracheostomy suctioning using an open system.
Equipment Required
First, gather all necessary equipment: a sterile suction catheter, a sterile disposable container, sterile gloves, a towel or...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pathologic abnormalities of deep placentation in the great obstetrical syndromes: Implications for understanding the pathophysiology, risk assessment in early pregnancy, and personalized prevention.

Journal of reproductive immunology·2026
Same author

Large-Scale Proteomics Reveals New Candidate Biomarkers for Late-Onset Preeclampsia.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2025
Same author

Novel proteomics biomarkers of recurrent pregnancy loss reflect the dysregulation of immune interactions at the maternal-fetal interface.

Frontiers in immunology·2025
Same author

Maternal and placental galectins: key players in the feto-maternal symbiotic tango.

Seminars in immunopathology·2025
Same author

The utility of early gestational OGTT and biomarkers for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus: an international prospective multicentre cohort study.

Diabetologia·2025
Same author

Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy (HDP): Diagnostics and Therapy. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/018, June 2024).

Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants
10:08

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants

Published on: December 21, 2021

2.6K

Feto-Maternal Microchimerism: The Pre-eclampsia Conundrum.

Sinuhe Hahn1, Paul Hasler2, Lenka Vokalova1

  • 1Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Immunology
|April 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Feto-maternal microchimerism (FMM), the exchange of cells between mother and fetus, influences pregnancy disorders and autoimmune conditions. Reduced maternal cell transfer in pre-eclampsia may link to postpartum autoimmune disease development.

Keywords:
autoimmunitycell-free DNAfeto-maternal microchimerismnon-inherited-maternal-antigenspre-eclampsia

More Related Videos

Generation of Maternal Mutants Using zpc:cas9 Knock-in Zebrafish
09:17

Generation of Maternal Mutants Using zpc:cas9 Knock-in Zebrafish

Published on: July 22, 2025

819
Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
07:51

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

Published on: May 21, 2015

17.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants
10:08

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants

Published on: December 21, 2021

2.6K
Generation of Maternal Mutants Using zpc:cas9 Knock-in Zebrafish
09:17

Generation of Maternal Mutants Using zpc:cas9 Knock-in Zebrafish

Published on: July 22, 2025

819
Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
07:51

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

Published on: May 21, 2015

17.9K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Feto-maternal microchimerism (FMM) describes bidirectional cell exchange across the placenta, creating a persistent micro-chimeric state.
  • Historically, FMM was observed in eclampsia, and altered cell trafficking is implicated in pre-eclampsia.
  • FMM influences immune tolerance during pregnancy and can contribute to autoimmune disorders postpartum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of FMM in pregnancy complications and autoimmune diseases.
  • To investigate the mechanisms of immune modulation by FMM, particularly involving HLA class II molecules.
  • To examine the potential link between pre-eclampsia, reduced maternal microchimerism, and postpartum autoimmune conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cell trafficking between mother and fetus.
  • Investigation of HLA class II compatibility/incompatibility in pregnancy outcomes.
  • Correlation of pre-eclampsia with maternal microchimerism levels and postpartum autoimmune disease incidence.

Main Results:

  • HLA incompatibility promotes rheumatoid arthritis remission, while compatibility may trigger scleroderma postpartum.
  • High HLA class II compatibility in couples increases pre-eclampsia risk.
  • Pre-eclamptic women show reduced maternal microchimerism, suggesting a failure in immune regulation.

Conclusions:

  • FMM plays a critical role in modulating maternal immune responses during and after pregnancy.
  • Altered FMM dynamics, particularly reduced maternal cell transfer in pre-eclampsia, may predispose to postpartum autoimmune diseases.
  • Grand-maternal cell regulation might be crucial in preventing adverse autoimmune outcomes linked to FMM.