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A complex relation between depression and multiple sclerosis: a descriptive review.

Francesco Corallo1, Viviana Lo Buono1, Roberto Genovese1

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Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
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PubMed
Summary

Brain lesions and structural damage in multiple sclerosis (MS) are linked to depressive symptoms (DS). These brain alterations play a significant role in the onset of depression in MS patients.

Keywords:
Anatomical–functional abnormalitiesDepressive symptomsHippocampusMagnetic resonanceMultiple sclerosisOrganic lesions

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a CNS neurodegenerative disease.
  • MS patients exhibit higher rates of depressive symptoms (DS) compared to other chronic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between brain lesions (BL), structural damage (SD), and depressive symptoms (DS) in MS.
  • To analyze the impact of central nervous system (CNS) alterations on emotional well-being in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of PubMed and Web of Science databases.
  • Inclusion criteria applied to 745 initial studies, resulting in 9 selected studies.
  • Analysis included data from 389 MS patients with DS and 120 healthy controls (HC).

Main Results:

  • Highlighted the involvement of the limbic system in MS-related depression.
  • Identified the hippocampus as a key structure affected.
  • Demonstrated the impact of brain lesions on the emotional status of MS patients.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple factors contribute to depression in MS, including genetic, biochemical, immunological, and psychosocial elements.
  • Structural and functional brain alterations appear to play a prominent role in the onset of DS in MS.