Zika Virus in Rectal Swab Samples.

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus of global public health concern.
• Understanding the routes and duration of ZIKV shedding is crucial for effective disease control and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the presence and duration of Zika virus RNA in rectal swab samples.
• To determine the potential for viral isolation from rectal specimens.

Main Methods:

• Rectal swab samples were collected from patients with suspected Zika virus infection.
• Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed for viral RNA detection.
• Virus isolation attempts were performed on positive samples.

Main Results:

• Zika virus RNA was detected in rectal swab samples from 10 out of the studied patients.
• The longest interval from symptom onset to detection of viral RNA in rectal swabs was 14 days.
• The Zika virus was successfully isolated from one patient's rectal swab sample.

Conclusions:

• Rectal shedding of Zika virus RNA is detectable for up to 14 days after symptom onset.
• The gastrointestinal tract may serve as a reservoir for Zika virus shedding.
• These findings necessitate a review of current diagnostic and infection prevention recommendations for Zika virus disease.