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Tomato fruit ripening factor NOR controls leaf senescence.

Xuemin Ma1,2, Salma Balazadeh1,2, Bernd Mueller-Roeber1,2

  • 1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|April 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

NAC transcription factors (TFs) regulate plant development and stress responses. In tomato, NON-RIPENING (NOR) TF controls leaf senescence and fruit ripening, with SlNAP2 acting upstream of NOR.

Keywords:
AgingNACNORleafnon-ripeningsenescencetomatotranscription factor

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Plant Physiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • NAC transcription factors (TFs) are crucial regulators of plant development, stress responses, and senescence.
  • In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), the NON-RIPENING (NOR) gene is a well-known NAC TF involved in fruit ripening.
  • The non-ripening (nor) mutation is utilized to extend fruit shelf life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the tomato NON-RIPENING (NOR) transcription factor in leaf senescence.
  • To elucidate the regulatory network involving NOR and other senescence-associated genes.
  • To explore the conserved function of NOR in plant senescence.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression analysis in wild-type and nor mutant tomato plants.
  • Analysis of developmental and dark-induced leaf senescence.
  • Overexpression studies in tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • Identification of direct downstream targets of NOR.

Main Results:

  • NOR expression increases with leaf age, and the nor mutant exhibits delayed leaf senescence.
  • Overexpression of NOR promotes leaf senescence and upregulates senescence-associated genes (SAGs).
  • NOR directly regulates key SAGs, including SlSAG15, SlSAG113, SlSGR1, and SlYLS4.
  • NOR also promotes senescence in Arabidopsis, indicating conserved function.
  • SlNAP2, another NAC TF, acts upstream of NOR, regulating its expression.

Conclusions:

  • NOR is a key regulator of leaf senescence in tomato, in addition to its role in fruit ripening.
  • NAC TFs like NOR are involved in coordinating leaf senescence and fruit ripening.
  • A regulatory cascade involving SlNAP2 and NOR controls leaf senescence in tomato.