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Area of Science:

  • Food safety
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Agricultural science

Background:

  • Mycotoxins pose a significant global threat to agri-food and feed safety.
  • Climate change and agricultural shifts are expanding mycotoxin prevalence into new regions.
  • Current laboratory-based liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is accurate but costly and inaccessible for on-site use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and contrast available mycotoxin testing methods.
  • To evaluate methods based on performance, speed, and cost.
  • To define an optimal "mycotoxin testing paradigm" integrating these criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing mycotoxin detection techniques, including LC-MS/MS, antibody-based methods (e.g., ELISA), and spectrophotometry.
  • Comparative analysis of methods against key performance indicators: accuracy, speed, and cost-effectiveness.
  • Exploration of emerging technologies like miniaturized MS for on-site applications.

Main Results:

  • Traditional LC-MS/MS offers high accuracy but is limited by cost and infrastructure requirements.
  • Rapid methods like ELISA are faster and more accessible but may lack the comprehensive information of MS.
  • Miniaturized MS presents a promising avenue for on-site testing, potentially reducing per-sample costs and time while maintaining lab-level accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • A gap exists between high-accuracy lab methods and accessible on-site testing for mycotoxins.
  • Integrating method performance, speed, and cost is essential for developing effective mycotoxin testing strategies.
  • Future innovations, particularly miniaturized MS, hold potential to revolutionize on-site mycotoxin detection in the agri-food sector.