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Related Experiment Videos

Sydenham's Chorea.

Brian L Risavi1, Erik Iszkula1, Bryan Yost1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, UPMC Hamot, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Erie, Pennsylvania.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|April 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Sydenham's chorea, a movement disorder linked to Group A Streptococcus, presents with involuntary movements. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for symptom improvement and preventing cardiac damage.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Sydenham's chorea is the most common acquired adolescent movement disorder, associated with acute rheumatic fever and Group A streptococcal infections.
  • Symptoms include involuntary choreiform movements affecting the face and extremities, with unclear pathophysiology.

Observation:

  • A 12-year-old female presented with a 2-week history of involuntary muscle spasms, slurred speech, and difficulty with utensils.
  • Physical examination revealed choreoathetoid movements and dystonia; brain imaging was unremarkable.
  • Echocardiogram showed mild tricuspid regurgitation, and serological tests revealed elevated anti-streptolysin O and DNAse-B antibodies.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced marked improvement in her movement disorder within a week.
Keywords:
Sydenham's choreagroup A streptococcusneurology

Related Experiment Videos

  • Elevated antibody titers confirmed a recent Group A streptococcal infection, indicative of rheumatic fever.

    • Implications:

    • Emergency physicians must recognize Sydenham's chorea, differentiating it from "fidgety" behavior or psychiatric conditions.
    • Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including antibiotics, can alleviate symptoms and prevent long-term cardiac complications associated with rheumatic fever.