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Possible sensor applications of selected DNA-surfactant complexes.

Ewelina Nowak1, Anna Wisła-Świder2, Gohar Khachatryan2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, 122 Balicka Str., 30-149, Cracow, Poland. e.nowak@ur.krakow.pl.

European Biophysics Journal : EBJ
|April 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized novel DNA complexes using allyl imidazole-based ionic liquids (ILs) and quaternary ammonium salts. These DNA-IL composites exhibit unique nanoscale structures and optical properties, suggesting potential applications in biosensors.

Keywords:
BiopolymersDeoxyribonucleic acidsImidazolesIon-exchange reactionsIonic liquids

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Limited research exists on DNA complexes with short alkyl chain ionic liquids (ILs).
  • Previous studies focused on DNA complexes with long alkyl chains (C10, C16, C18).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel DNA complexes using allyl imidazole-based ILs and quaternary ammonium salts.
  • To investigate the physicochemical properties and structural integrity of these new DNA-IL composites.
  • To explore the potential of these DNA-IL complexes in biosensor applications.

Main Methods:

  • Complex synthesis via ion-exchange reactions between sonicated DNA and ILs (Amim, Bmim, TBAB).
  • Spectroscopic analysis (UV-Vis, IR, CD) to confirm complex formation and DNA conformation.
  • X-ray diffraction to assess structural changes in DNA.
  • High-performance size exclusion chromatography with multiangle laser light scattering (HPSEC-MALLS) to determine molecular weight (Mw) and radii of gyration (Rg).
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to visualize nanoscale morphology.

Main Results:

  • Spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction data confirmed the formation of DNA complexes without altering the native B-form DNA structure.
  • HPSEC-MALLS revealed significantly lower Mw and Rg for IL-DNA complexes compared to native DNA, attributed to sonication fragmentation and IL effects.
  • SEM imaging showed distinct nanoscale structures: nanofibres for DNA-Amim and DNA-Bmim, and nanowires for DNA-TBAB.
  • Changes in UV and photoluminescence properties were observed in the DNA-IL complexes.

Conclusions:

  • Novel DNA complexes with imidazole-based ILs and quaternary ammonium salts were successfully synthesized and characterized.
  • The synthesized complexes maintain DNA's B-form structure but exhibit altered molecular dimensions and unique nanoscale morphologies (nanofibres/nanowires).
  • The observed optical property changes suggest these DNA-IL complexes are promising candidates for developing advanced biosensors.