A Protocol for Sedation Free MRI and PET Imaging in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Medical Imaging
• Autism Spectrum Disorder Research

Background:

• Positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are crucial for understanding the neural basis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
• Individuals with ASD often face challenges participating in neuroimaging studies due to social, sensory, and communication difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe existing training protocols for preparing individuals with ASD for PET/MRI scans.
• To share experiences in developing a training protocol for including low-functioning adults with ASD in PET-MRI studies.
• To advocate for increased information exchange among research groups regarding best practices for ASD neuroimaging.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing training protocols for individuals with ASD undergoing neuroimaging.
• Development and application of a novel training protocol tailored for low-functioning adults with ASD.
• Commentary on challenges and lessons learned in adapting neuroimaging procedures for diverse ASD populations.

Main Results:

• Existing training protocols can be insufficient for certain ASD populations, particularly those with significant support needs.
• A tailored training approach can facilitate the inclusion of low-functioning adults with ASD in PET-MRI studies.
• There is a need for greater collaboration and knowledge sharing on effective training strategies within the research community.

Conclusions:

• Specialized, adaptable training protocols are essential for including the full spectrum of individuals with ASD in neuroimaging research.
• Facilitating participation requires addressing specific challenges related to social interaction, anxiety, language, and sensory sensitivities.
• Enhanced communication and shared learning among researchers can significantly improve the methodology and inclusivity of ASD neuroimaging studies.