Outcomes by Gender and Ethnicity After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Interventional Cardiology
• Health Disparities

Background:

• Limited data exists on gender and ethnic disparities in outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
• Understanding these differences is crucial for equitable cardiovascular care.
• Previous studies have not sufficiently addressed the intersection of gender and ethnicity post-PCI.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate gender differences in 1-year outcomes among diverse ethnic groups undergoing PCI.
• To identify if baseline characteristics and comorbidities explain observed gender-based outcome variations.
• To compare the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) between men and women across White, Black, Asian, and Hispanic populations.

Main Methods:

• Prospective cohort study of 16,361 patients undergoing PCI between 2010 and 2016.
• Primary outcome: 1-year MACE (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization).
• Comparison of baseline characteristics and outcomes between genders within each ethnic group, with adjusted analyses.

Main Results:

• Women were older and had more comorbidities than men across all groups.
• Unadjusted analysis showed higher MACE in White and Asian women versus men, driven by death and myocardial infarction, respectively.
• Adjusted analyses revealed similar MACE risk for women versus men in White, Asian, and Hispanic groups; Black women had a lower MACE risk.

Conclusions:

• Baseline risk factors appear to account for the previously observed higher adverse event rates in women post-PCI.
• Gender differences in outcomes after PCI are influenced by ethnicity and are largely mitigated by risk factor adjustment.
• Further research into specific risk factors and tailored interventions for diverse populations undergoing PCI is warranted.